AMA 11th edition referencing
US medicine and clinical health sciences.
Short answer
What is AMA 11 referencing?
AMA 11 is the numeric style of the American Medical Association, used across US medical publishing. Superscript numbers cite sources in the order they appear, article titles use sentence case, journal names are abbreviated and italicised, and DOIs are included without a label prefix.
Worked examples
AMA 11 for every source type
Each example below is produced by the same engine that powers our free generator.
book
Full guide →Reference list entry
Bolton G. Reflective practice: writing and professional development. 5th ed. SAGE Publications; 2018.
In-text
1
journal article
Full guide →Reference list entry
Thomas L, Hill M. Belonging and continuation among first-generation undergraduates. Studies in Higher Education. 2024;49(3):412-428. doi:10.1080/03075079.2024.2298471
In-text
1
web page
Full guide →Reference list entry
Agency QA. Academic integrity charter for uk higher education. QAA. Published 2025. Accessed August 14, 2026. https://www.qaa.ac.uk/academic-integrity
In-text
1
book chapter
Full guide →Reference list entry
Moon J. Reflection in higher education learning. 2nd ed. Routledge; 2013.
In-text
1
report
Full guide →Reference list entry
Students OF. Student outcomes and teaching excellence. Office for Students; 2025.
In-text
1
Watch out for
AMA 11 quirks that cost marks
- Citation numbers are superscript, placed after punctuation.
- Article titles use sentence case; journal abbreviations are italicised.
- List up to six authors, then 'et al'.
- No space between the year, volume and page elements: 2024;49(3):412-428.
AMA 11 — FAQs
What is AMA 11 referencing?
AMA 11 is the numeric style of the American Medical Association, used across US medical publishing. Superscript numbers cite sources in the order they appear, article titles use sentence case, journal names are abbreviated and italicised, and DOIs are included without a label prefix.
Who uses AMA 11?
US medicine and clinical health sciences. It is most common in United States. Always confirm against your own module handbook, because departments within one university often differ.
Is AMA 11 an author–date or numeric system?
AMA 11 is a numeric system: sources are numbered in the order they first appear and the reference list follows that same order, not alphabetical order.
Every source type
AMA 11 at a glance
One worked example per source type, formatted in AMA 11 and produced by the same engine as the citation generator. AMA 11 is a numeric style, so entries are numbered in order of first citation.
| Source type | Reference list entry | In-text citation |
|---|---|---|
| book | Bolton G. Reflective practice: writing and professional development. 5th ed. SAGE Publications; 2018. | 1 |
| journal article | Thomas L, Hill M. Belonging and continuation among first-generation undergraduates. Studies in Higher Education. 2024;49(3):412-428. doi:10.1080/03075079.2024.2298471 | 1 |
| web page | Agency QA. Academic integrity charter for uk higher education. QAA. Published 2025. Accessed August 14, 2026. https://www.qaa.ac.uk/academic-integrity | 1 |
| book chapter | Moon J. Reflection in higher education learning. 2nd ed. Routledge; 2013. | 1 |
| report | Students OF. Student outcomes and teaching excellence. Office for Students; 2025. | 1 |